{"id":8938,"date":"2025-07-25T00:21:57","date_gmt":"2025-07-25T00:21:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/setting-up-openwrt-on-x86-systems-in-2025-guide\/"},"modified":"2025-11-20T08:49:45","modified_gmt":"2025-11-20T08:49:45","slug":"setting-up-openwrt-on-x86-systems-in-2025-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/ru\/setting-up-openwrt-on-x86-systems-in-2025-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 x86 \u0432 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/1bc0c384f34640b287a51a90c19d9942.webp\" alt=\"\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 x86 \u0432 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1200px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1200\/675;\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/1bc0c384f34640b287a51a90c19d9942.webp\" alt=\"\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 x86 \u0432 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443\"\/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>You can start setting up <strong>\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 openwrt<\/strong> on x86 systems with the right instructions and a few simple steps. Gather your x86 hardware and make sure it meets the basic requirements for OpenWRT. Follow the instructions closely for a smooth process. Setting up OpenWRT on x86 systems helps you unlock advanced network features for both <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/ru\/collection\/business-solution\/\">business router solution<\/a><\/strong> \u0438 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/ru\/collection\/home-solution\/\">home router solution<\/a><\/strong> needs, while also supporting devices like <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/ru\/car-router\/\">5g automotive wireless routers<\/a><\/strong>. With reliable guidance from a trusted <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/ru\/5g-router-manufacturer\/\">5g router supplier<\/a><\/strong>, your journey with x86 and OpenWRT begins with careful preparation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-key-takeaways\">\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0412\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 x86, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044b PC Engines apu \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u041f\u041a \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 Intel i3\/i5 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 Intel Ethernet, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u043e\u0442 OpenWRT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b BIOS\/UEFI \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 OpenWRT \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c OpenWRT \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0438 BIOS \u0438\u043b\u0438 UEFI.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>After installation, configure network interfaces carefully, set strong root passwords, and use the LuCI web interface for easy management.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Keep your system updated safely using the sysupgrade process, install needed drivers and packages, and seek help from official documentation and community forums.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-prerequisites-for-setting-up-openwrt-on-x86-systems\">\u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 x86<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-supported-x86-hardware-and-huasifei-devices\">\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 x86 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 HUASIFEI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You have many choices when picking hardware for your openwrt setup. The apu series from PC Engines stands out as a favorite in 2025. Many users choose the apu2, apu3, or apu4 models. These boards use an AMD GX-412TC processor and run quietly with low power use. You can also use mini PCs from Dell, Lenovo, or HP. Look for models with Intel i3 or i5 processors from the 8th generation or newer. These mini PCs work well for openwrt and often cost less than new hardware. Intel Ethernet controllers give you better performance and compatibility than Realtek options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>HUASIFEI offers devices that work with openwrt. The Huasifei WH3000, for example, is officially supported in the openwrt community. You can find it listed in the latest releases. Here is a table showing some newly added devices:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0427\u0438\u043f\u0441\u0435\u0442<\/th><th>\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/th><th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>mediatek<\/td><td>Huasifei WH3000<\/td><td>\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432 OpenWrt 24.10.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>mediatek<\/td><td>CMCC A10<\/td><td>\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>mediatek<\/td><td>Keenetic KN-3811<\/td><td>\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>mediatek<\/td><td>Keenetic KN-3911<\/td><td>\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>mediatek<\/td><td>netis NX31<\/td><td>\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442: \u0412\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 Ethernet-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 Intel \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b openwrt \u043d\u0430 x86.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-minimum-system-requirements-and-network-adapters\">\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b openwrt \u043d\u0430 x86 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440. \u041f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044b apu \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>x86-\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440 (i386 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>At least 128MB RAM for a standard openwrt build with the LuCI web interface<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0416\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0438\u043b\u0438 SSD (\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 8 \u0413\u0411 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442 apu \u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 Ethernet, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f openwrt. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u041f\u041a, \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tools-and-downloads-needed-for-openwrt-installation\">\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 OpenWRT<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You need a few tools to start your openwrt installation on x86_64 systems. Gather these items before you begin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A USB drive with at least 8GB of space<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u044b\u0448\u044c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044f Ethernet<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 USB, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Download the openwrt image for x86_64 from the official site at https:\/\/downloads.openwrt.org\/.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041e\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0432 FAT32.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0443, \u043a\u0430\u043a balenaEtcher, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 openwrt \u043d\u0430 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043a \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 x86 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b openwrt \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435 releases. \u0418\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 <code>openwrt-24.10.1-x86-64-generic-ext4-combined-efi.img.gz<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e apu \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u041f\u041a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-preparing-for-openwrt-installation\">\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 OpenWRT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-backing-up-existing-data\">\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 openwrt \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435. \u0423 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><p>\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 <code>\/etc<\/code> \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443:<\/p><br><pre><code>cp -au \/etc\/. \/tmp\/mnt\/etc<br><\/code><\/pre><br><p>\u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><br><p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 <code>\/etc\/sysupgrade.conf<\/code>. \u0421\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b.<\/p><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><br><p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 openwrt \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u0441 GitHub, \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e <code>chmod +x<\/code>, \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e.<\/p><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><br><p>If you prefer a graphical method, use the OpenWRT web interface. Go to \u201cSystem\u201d \u2192 \u201cBackup \/ Flash Firmware\u201d \u2192 \u201cGenerate archive.\u201d Save the backup archive to your computer. After you install the new openwrt image, you can restore your settings from this archive.<\/p><br><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442: \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-adjusting-bios-and-uefi-settings\">\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 BIOS \u0438 UEFI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Modern x86 systems use UEFI instead of legacy BIOS. You need to adjust a few settings to prepare for the openwrt image installation and ensure a smooth boot process:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use the 64-bit EFI openwrt image for UEFI systems. Most new boards require UEFI, and legacy BIOS support is rare.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 openwrt \u043d\u0430 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e. \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 UEFI \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enter your system\u2019s BIOS or UEFI menu. Disable unused features, but keep serial ports enabled if you need them.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Set the boot order so your device starts from the USB drive with the openwrt image.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 OVMF (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430 UEFI) \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 openwrt \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 UEFI \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 openwrt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 EFI, \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 GRUB \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 UUID \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Note: UEFI configuration is now essential for most x86 hardware. Make sure you select the correct openwrt image version for your system.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-downloading-the-correct-openwrt-image\">\u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 OpenWRT<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You must download openwrt image files that match your hardware and firmware type. Follow these steps to get the right openwrt image:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 OpenWRT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 x86_64 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u041f\u041a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u044b\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 EFI-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 openwrt \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0441 UEFI. \u0412\u044b\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0431\u0435\u0437 EFI, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 BIOS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 openwrt \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a <code>openwrt-24.10.1-x86-64-generic-ext4-combined-efi.img.gz<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 openwrt \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u044e \u043d\u0430 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 openwrt, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u044b. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-installation-process-for-openwrt-on-x86\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 x86<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6bf892c64cb945eaa66806d76bb1d1f0.webp\" alt=\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 x86\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1200px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1200\/675;\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6bf892c64cb945eaa66806d76bb1d1f0.webp\" alt=\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 x86\"\/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-creating-a-bootable-usb-drive\">\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You need a bootable usb to start the openwrt installation on your x86 system. Follow these instructions to create one using a live Linux environment:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0441 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 Linux.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 openwrt x86 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b:<br><pre><code>wget https:\/\/downloads.openwrt.org\/releases\/24.10.1\/targets\/x86\/64\/openwrt-24.10.1-x86-64-generic-ext4-combined-efi.img.gz<br><\/code><\/pre><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<br><pre><code>gunzip openwrt-24.10.1-x86-64-generic-ext4-combined-efi.img.gz<br><\/code><\/pre><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c:<br><pre><code>sudo fdisk -l<br><\/code><\/pre><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, <code>\/dev\/sdb<\/code>). \u0414\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0448\u0430\u0433, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 openwrt \u043d\u0430 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c:<br><pre><code>sudo dd if=openwrt-24.10.1-x86-64-generic-ext4-combined-efi.img of=\/dev\/sdb bs=4M status=progress<br><\/code><\/pre><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430. \u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0439, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u0430\u043a GParted, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-booting-from-usb-legacy-bios-and-uefi-scenarios\">\u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0441 USB: \u0421\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 Legacy BIOS \u0438 UEFI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e x86 \u0441 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 BIOS \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0443 UEFI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Legacy BIOS \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 (MBR) \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f. \u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UEFI \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e-\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c\u0443. \u041e\u043d \u0438\u0449\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b EFI (ESP) \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 FAT \u0438 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430 UEFI \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 (NVRAM). \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is a table comparing the two boot methods:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0410\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442<\/th><th>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0439 BIOS<\/th><th>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 UEFI<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/td><td>\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c (MBR)<\/td><td>\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b EFI (ESP)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0422\u0438\u043f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430<\/td><td>MBR \u0441 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c<\/td><td>GPT \u0438\u043b\u0438 MBR \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c ESP (\u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435 FAT)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/td><td>BIOS \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430<\/td><td>UEFI \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b EFI \u0438\u0437 ESP<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0425\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/td><td>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 BIOS<\/td><td>NVRAM (\u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0413\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/td><td>\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a<\/td><td>\u0412 ESP \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u041e\u0421<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/td><td>\u041e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/td><td>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 EFI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u041c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/td><td>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445<\/td><td>\u0422\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 NVRAM \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 ESP<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c x86 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 UEFI. \u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 openwrt \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-flashing-the-openwrt-image-to-the-target-drive\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After you boot from the USB drive, you need to flash the openwrt image to your target disk. This step installs openwrt on your x86 device.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 openwrt \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c\u044e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e:<br><pre><code>lsblk<br><\/code><\/pre><br><p>\u0438\u043b\u0438<\/p><br><pre><code>fdisk -l<br><\/code><\/pre><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, <code>\/dev\/sda<\/code>). \u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 openwrt \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a:<br><pre><code>dd if=\/dev\/sdb of=\/dev\/sda bs=4M status=progress<br><\/code><\/pre><br><p>\u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c <code>\/dev\/sdb<\/code> \u0441 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0438 <code>\/dev\/sda<\/code> \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c.<\/p><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 openwrt.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c. \u0414\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 BIOS \u0438\u043b\u0438 UEFI \u0438 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-partitioning-and-disk-management-after-installation\">\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-resizing-partitions-to-use-full-disk-space\">\u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When you install OpenWRT on your x86 device, the system may not use all the space on your ssd or hard drive. You can fix this by resizing the root partition. Start by installing helpful tools. Run this command in your OpenWRT terminal:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>opkg update &amp;&amp; opkg install lsblk fdisk losetup resize2fs\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <code>lsblk<\/code> \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <code>fdisk<\/code> \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0443. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <code>resize2fs<\/code> \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 ext4. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 OpenWRT \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 UEFI, \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e GRUB. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <code>lsblk -o PATH,SIZE,PARTUUID<\/code> \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 UUID \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0420\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <code>\/boot\/grub\/grub.cfg<\/code> \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442: \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e <code>df -Th<\/code> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-managing-multiple-partitions-or-dual-boot-setups\">\u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 OpenWRT. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0439. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <code>fdisk<\/code> \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b, \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0421 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u0412 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0441 UEFI \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0421 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e GRUB. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0432\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 OpenWRT \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-first-boot-and-initial-openwrt-configuration\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f OpenWRT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/8e09bd752c7844e9999dfeabcbb9e390.webp\" alt=\"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f OpenWRT\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1200px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1200\/675;\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/8e09bd752c7844e9999dfeabcbb9e390.webp\" alt=\"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f OpenWRT\"\/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-accessing-openwrt-for-the-first-time\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a OpenWRT<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When you finish installing OpenWRT on your x86 device, you are ready for the first boot. Plug in your device and connect your PC to the LAN port using an Ethernet cable. Your x86 system will start up and assign your PC an IP address through DHCP. Most OpenWRT installations set the LAN interface to 192.168.1.1 by default. Open your web browser and enter http:\/\/192.168.1.1 in the address bar. You will see the OpenWRT login screen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f <code>\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/code>. OpenWRT \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 115200 \u0431\u0438\u0442\/\u0441. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 OpenWRT \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442: \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f root, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-setting-up-network-interfaces-and-internet-access\">\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u0432 \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b. \u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Assign a static IP address or enable DHCP on your network interfaces. For example, you can set the bridge interface to 192.168.1.2 if you want a static address.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 x86. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 LAN \u0438 WAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 DHCP-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avoid bridging both WAN and LAN interfaces to the same physical adapter. This practice can cause network problems and make your internet connection unstable.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 LAN \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0443 Ethernet. \u0414\u043b\u044f WAN-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 WiFi \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 wifi. \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u041f\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435 WAN \u0438 LAN \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-accessing-the-luci-web-interface\">\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0443 LuCI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The LuCI web interface makes OpenWRT configuration easy. After your first boot, you can reach LuCI by entering 192.168.1.1 in your browser. LuCI listens on ports 80 (HTTP) and 443 (HTTPS). You can use either port, but HTTPS may need extra certificates for full security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e LuCI \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u0445, \u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 LuCI \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 WAN-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 WAN-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0432 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440\u0430 LAN \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c LuCI \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 VPN \u0438\u043b\u0438 SSH-\u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a LuCI \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>LuCI is designed for OpenWRT and works best on x86 hardware. You cannot use it on other operating systems like Ubuntu. The openwrt web interface gives you a simple way to manage your network, update packages, and adjust wifi settings. You can also use LuCI to review your config and make changes without using the command line.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442: \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c LuCI \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-essential-post-installation-steps-for-openwrt\">\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 OpenWRT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-updating-openwrt-and-installing-packages\">\u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 OpenWRT \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You should always keep your system up to date. Updating to the latest openwrt version helps you get new features and security fixes. Here is a simple process you can follow:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440 USB to TTL Serial \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 USB-\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 minicom.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 openwrt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e LuCI \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e SSH, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 HTTPS \u0434\u043b\u044f LuCI, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>You can also use the Attended Sysupgrade tool. This tool lets you upgrade from the LuCI web interface. It keeps your installed packages and settings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442: \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-installing-drivers-and-additional-software\">\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 x86 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432. OpenWRT \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 <code>kmod-<\/code>. \u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 <code>lspci<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 PCI \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code>lsusb<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f USB-\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>kmod-igb<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 Intel PCI Ethernet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>kmod-usb-net-rtl8152<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f Ethernet-\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 Realtek USB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 opkg. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 opkg\nopkg install kmod-igb\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c WiFi, \u0447\u0438\u043f\u0441\u0435\u0442\u044b Mediatek \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441 openwrt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can also install extra software to make your router more useful. Many users add ad blockers, VPN tools, or file sharing apps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-adding-useful-packages-for-x86-systems\">\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c x86<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You can boost your openwrt system by adding helpful packages. Here are some popular choices:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0411\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043c\u044b<\/strong>: \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 adblock, simple-adblock \u0438\u043b\u0438 AdGuard Home \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043c\u044b \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b VPN<\/strong>: \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 VPN-\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438<\/strong>: \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 aria2 \u0438 webui-aria2, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c<\/strong>: \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 Samba (ksmbd) \u0438\u043b\u0438 FTP-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 NAS, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 ssd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440<\/strong>: \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 MiniDLNA \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442-\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430 LuCI \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438. \u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 opkg\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-troubleshooting-upgrades-and-openwrt-resources\">\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b OpenWRT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-common-installation-issues-and-solutions\">\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When you set up OpenWRT on x86 hardware, you may face some common problems. Here are issues that users often report:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>You might see &#8220;permission denied&#8221; errors when you try to install or enable custom services.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0418\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a <code>\/etc\/init.d\/hueemulatorWrt-service<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code>lighttpd.conf<\/code> \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Python \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f \u0441 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u043a <code>updateManager.py<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0441 lighttpd \u043d\u0430 uhttpd, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 pip.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A special issue affects AMD Geode LX hardware. The hardware random number generator (RNG) driver has not worked since OpenWRT 19.07. This causes low entropy, so the system cannot create enough random numbers for security tasks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Check that your software source URLs are correct if package installs fail.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 WAN \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b SSH, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a Putty \u0438\u043b\u0438 WinSCP, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 Luci \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 OPKG \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0441 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c root \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 SSH.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442: \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-upgrading-openwrt-safely-on-x86-systems\">\u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 x86<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412\u0430\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f <code>\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 opkg<\/code> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e. \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c OpenWRT - \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <code>sysupgrade<\/code> \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is a safe upgrade plan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 USB-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use your bootloader, like grub2, to pick which system to start.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0439.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434. \u041e\u043d \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 x86, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-official-documentation-and-community-support\">\u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You can find the latest openwrt documentation for x86 systems on TekLager&#8217;s knowledge base. This guide explains how to download images, flash them to your drive, and resize partitions. It also lists commands for installing software and links to more tutorials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For help from other users, visit the official OpenWRT forum. Many threads discuss x86 topics like sysupgrade, dual booting, and hardware support. The Level1Techs forum also has active discussions about running OpenWRT on x86 hardware. These communities share tips, guides, and troubleshooting advice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u0427\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Setting up openwrt on x86 systems gives you powerful control over your network. You can enjoy features like real-time monitoring, advanced firewall options, and router-level ad blocking. Always back up your data before you start setting up openwrt on x86 systems. Check that your hardware, including HUASIFEI devices, matches the requirements. When you finish setting up openwrt on x86 systems, you gain:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0413\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0412\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-faq\">\u0427\u0410\u0421\u0422\u041e \u0417\u0410\u0414\u0410\u0412\u0410\u0415\u041c\u042b\u0415 \u0412\u041e\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0421\u042b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-do-you-reset-your-openwrt-x86-device-to-factory-settings\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e OpenWRT x86 \u043a \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430\u043c?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You can reset your device by holding the reset button for 10 seconds during boot. If your device does not have a button, connect with SSH and run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 &amp;&amp; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-can-you-install-openwrt-on-a-virtual-machine\">\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yes, you can install OpenWRT on a virtual machine. Download the x86 image, create a new VM, and attach the image as a disk. Set the VM to use UEFI or BIOS, depending on your image.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-should-you-do-if-you-cannot-access-the-luci-web-interface\">\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0443 LuCI?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u041f\u041a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u043e\u0442 OpenWRT. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 http:\/\/192.168.1.1. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 SSH \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>opkg update &amp;&amp; opkg install luci\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 LuCI, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-do-you-add-more-network-ports-to-your-x86-openwrt-system\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 x86 OpenWRT?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 PCIe \u0438\u043b\u0438 USB. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <code>lspci<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code>lsusb<\/code> \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 OpenWRT \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e <code>opkg install<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 OpenWRT \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 x86 \u0432 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":8935,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[429],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8938","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Setting Up OpenWRT on x86 Systems in 2025<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Step-by-step guide for setting up OpenWRT on x86 systems in 2025, covering hardware, installation, and configuration for optimal network control.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/huasifei-link.com\/ru\/setting-up-openwrt-on-x86-systems-in-2025-guide\/\" \/>\n<meta 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